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+/*
+  Cosm sensor client
+ 
+ This sketch connects an analog sensor to Cosm (http://www.cosm.com)
+ using a Wiznet Ethernet shield. You can use the Arduino Ethernet shield, or
+ the Adafruit Ethernet shield, either one will work, as long as it's got
+ a Wiznet Ethernet module on board.
+ 
+ This example has been updated to use version 2.0 of the cosm.com API. 
+ To make it work, create a feed with a datastream, and give it the ID
+ sensor1. Or change the code below to match your feed.
+ 
+ 
+ Circuit:
+ * Analog sensor attached to analog in 0
+ * Ethernet shield attached to pins 10, 11, 12, 13
+ 
+ created 15 March 2010
+ updated 14 May 2012
+ by Tom Igoe with input from Usman Haque and Joe Saavedra
+ 
+http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/CosmClient
+ This code is in the public domain.
+ 
+ */
+
+#include <SPI.h>
+#include <Ethernet.h>
+
+#define APIKEY         "YOUR API KEY GOES HERE" // replace your Cosm api key here
+#define FEEDID         00000 // replace your feed ID
+#define USERAGENT      "My Project" // user agent is the project name
+
+// assign a MAC address for the ethernet controller.
+// Newer Ethernet shields have a MAC address printed on a sticker on the shield
+// fill in your address here:
+byte mac[] = { 
+  0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};
+
+// fill in an available IP address on your network here,
+// for manual configuration:
+IPAddress ip(10,0,1,20);
+
+// initialize the library instance:
+EthernetClient client;
+
+// if you don't want to use DNS (and reduce your sketch size)
+// use the numeric IP instead of the name for the server:
+//IPAddress server(216,52,233,121);      // numeric IP for api.cosm.com
+char server[] = "api.cosm.com";   // name address for cosm API
+
+unsigned long lastConnectionTime = 0;          // last time you connected to the server, in milliseconds
+boolean lastConnected = false;                 // state of the connection last time through the main loop
+const unsigned long postingInterval = 10*1000; //delay between updates to cosm.com
+
+void setup() {
+  // start serial port:
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+ // start the Ethernet connection:
+  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) {
+    Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP");
+    // DHCP failed, so use a fixed IP address:
+    Ethernet.begin(mac, ip);
+  }
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // read the analog sensor:
+  int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);   
+
+  // if there's incoming data from the net connection.
+  // send it out the serial port.  This is for debugging
+  // purposes only:
+  if (client.available()) {
+    char c = client.read();
+    Serial.print(c);
+  }
+
+  // if there's no net connection, but there was one last time
+  // through the loop, then stop the client:
+  if (!client.connected() && lastConnected) {
+    Serial.println();
+    Serial.println("disconnecting.");
+    client.stop();
+  }
+
+  // if you're not connected, and ten seconds have passed since
+  // your last connection, then connect again and send data:
+  if(!client.connected() && (millis() - lastConnectionTime > postingInterval)) {
+    sendData(sensorReading);
+  }
+  // store the state of the connection for next time through
+  // the loop:
+  lastConnected = client.connected();
+}
+
+// this method makes a HTTP connection to the server:
+void sendData(int thisData) {
+  // if there's a successful connection:
+  if (client.connect(server, 80)) {
+    Serial.println("connecting...");
+    // send the HTTP PUT request:
+    client.print("PUT /v2/feeds/");
+    client.print(FEEDID);
+    client.println(".csv HTTP/1.1");
+    client.println("Host: api.cosm.com");
+    client.print("X-ApiKey: ");
+    client.println(APIKEY);
+    client.print("User-Agent: ");
+    client.println(USERAGENT);
+    client.print("Content-Length: ");
+
+    // calculate the length of the sensor reading in bytes:
+    // 8 bytes for "sensor1," + number of digits of the data:
+    int thisLength = 8 + getLength(thisData);
+    client.println(thisLength);
+
+    // last pieces of the HTTP PUT request:
+    client.println("Content-Type: text/csv");
+    client.println("Connection: close");
+    client.println();
+
+    // here's the actual content of the PUT request:
+    client.print("sensor1,");
+    client.println(thisData);
+  
+  } 
+  else {
+    // if you couldn't make a connection:
+    Serial.println("connection failed");
+    Serial.println();
+    Serial.println("disconnecting.");
+    client.stop();
+  }
+   // note the time that the connection was made or attempted:
+  lastConnectionTime = millis();
+}
+
+
+// This method calculates the number of digits in the
+// sensor reading.  Since each digit of the ASCII decimal
+// representation is a byte, the number of digits equals
+// the number of bytes:
+
+int getLength(int someValue) {
+  // there's at least one byte:
+  int digits = 1;
+  // continually divide the value by ten, 
+  // adding one to the digit count for each
+  // time you divide, until you're at 0:
+  int dividend = someValue /10;
+  while (dividend > 0) {
+    dividend = dividend /10;
+    digits++;
+  }
+  // return the number of digits:
+  return digits;
+}
+